What is the impact of a delusional disorder diagnosis in Hispanic culture?

A delusional disorder is a form of psychosis in which the affected person is unable to tell the difference between reality and imagination. Delusions are the hallmark of this disorder, and they are characterized as a rigid belief in something that is not based on reality. Those with delusional disorders typically experience delusions that could happen in real life, such as being stalked or poisoned. Delusional disorder was once known as paranoid disorder and is often confused with other forms of mental illness.

Delusional Disorder and Hispanic Cultural Norms

While it is important to remember that Hispanic culture encompasses a variety of nationalities, races and other aspects of cultural heritage, there are some common experiences that Hispanic patients with delusional disorder often face. Multiple studies have been conducted to analyze the rates of mental health issues in Latino culture, including the Mexican American Prevalence and Services Survey (MAPSS). Another key study is the National Latino and Asian American Study.

Studies have shown that Latinos experience lower rates of the majority of mental health disorders in comparison to the rest of the United States population. Mexican immigrants to the United States have lower rates of substance use disorders and depression than lifetime residents of the United States. These differences can sometimes lead to stigma in Hispanic culture surrounding mental health issues and the pursuit of therapeutic or medical treatment. Latinos have much lower rates of seeking help through mental health services than all other ethnic groups in the United States with the exception of Asian Americans. Despite lower overall rates of mental health issues, Latina adolescents are at the highest risk of suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior of any other ethnicity in the adolescent age group. Suicidal ideation can often accompany delusional disorder.

Cultural Factors

Cultural factors, such as religious and spiritual experiences that are closely tied to cultural identity, can lead to complications when it comes to diagnosing mental illness. For example, apparitions of saints and deceased relatives are common elements in many spiritual practices throughout Latin America. As a result, it can be more difficult for researchers without an in-depth understanding of culture to distinguish between psychotic symptoms of delusional disorder and cultural or spiritual experiences.

Mental Illness Stigma in the Latino Community

A supplemental report to the Surgeon General's report on mental health in 2001 noted that stigma is the primary obstacle to all members of racial and ethnic minority groups who wish to seek mental health treatment. Stigma often creates pressure that prevents those with delusional disorder from seeking the medical treatment they need. This phenomenon is largely tied up in the loss of status and identity within a culture. The fact that mental illness is more heavily stigmatized in the Hispanic community in general can lead to those with delusional disorder feeling the need to suppress or ignore their symptoms and delay treatment.